Packet #2159886 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from gw sof (ab40) to mobile sof (fd50)

5
Total Receptions
5
Unique Gateways
1
Hop Count
24
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2159886
Mesh Packet ID: 0xba8f88c5
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-04-04 14:01:53 UTC
From Node: gw sof (ab40)
To Node: mobile sof (fd50)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: LZ1MMH-R 🇧🇬 🏠 (MMH0)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -114 dBm
SNR: -0.75 dBm
Hop Info: 1/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 1
Relay Node: 58 VRR
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 24 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward incomplete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: 0.0 dB 9.75 dB
Return Path: BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR)
SNR Back: 10.25 dB 4.5 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 mobile sof (fd50) BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) 8.03 km 0.0 dB Origin Hops
2 BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) gw sof (ab40) 339 m 9.75 dB Relay Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 gw sof (ab40) BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) 339 m 10.25 dB Return Start Hops
2 BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) Vitoshko Rele (VRR) 4.99 km 4.5 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
8.37 km
Total Return Distance
5.33 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
Controls: Drag nodes to rearrange • Mouse wheel to zoom • Click and drag background to pan • Hover for details

Building graph...

Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:24 bytes
Gateway:!050d31b0
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:1 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

FieldValue
gateway_id !050d31b0
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (24 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

FieldValueType
from 2661264192
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3127311696
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum TRACEROUTE_APP
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 24 bytes size
hop_limit 1
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 1
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -114.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -0.75 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1775311312
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel 37
Channel index 		uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 88
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp Not set uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !050d31b0
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -114.0 dBm
SNR: -0.75 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:24 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 2997308472 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, 9.75 ], "route_back": [ 2997308472, 2996805976 ], "snr_back": [ 10.25, 4.5 ], "route_node_names": { "2997308472": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "2661264192": "gw sof (ab40)", "2996805976": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "3127311696": "mobile sof (fd50)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2159886, "timestamp": 1775311313.6260345, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 3127311696, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!050d31b0", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 3129968837, "rssi": -114, "snr": -0.75, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 24, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a04384ca7b2120200271a08384ca7b258a19fb222022912", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1775311312, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 88, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a570d40ab9f9e1550fd66ba18252a2366ea73e61c7f46c8a6c4078545a4758a5491b44a48160ae9fc8d82ef93d814234229b335c5888fba3dd019d16945000040bf48015001608effffffffffffffff017802980158a80101120842756c67617269611a09213035306433316230", "timestamp_str": "2026-04-04 14:01:53 UTC", "hop_count": 1, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "relay_hex": "58", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 2996805976, "node_name": "Vitoshko Rele", "hex_id": "!b29fa158", "short_name": "VRR", "last_byte": "58" } ], "gateway_name": "LZ1MMH-R 🇧🇬 🏠 (MMH0)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 84750768, "latitude": 42.6987671, "longitude": 23.2856386, "altitude": 596, "timestamp": 1775484506.0783384, "timestamp_str": "2026-04-06 14:08:26", "display_name": "LZ1MMH-R 🇧🇬 🏠", "long_name": "LZ1MMH-R 🇧🇬 🏠", "short_name": "MMH0", "hw_model": "TBEAM" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2159886, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 3127311696, "timestamp": 1775311313.6260345, "gateway_id": "!050d31b0", "raw_payload": "0a04384ca7b2120200271a08384ca7b258a19fb222022912", "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 2997308472 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, 9.75 ], "route_back": [ 2997308472, 2996805976 ], "snr_back": [ 10.25, 4.5 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3127311696, 2997308472, 2661264192 ], "node_names": [ "mobile sof (fd50)", "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "gw sof (ab40)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, 9.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 8034.581097661809, "from_location_timestamp": 1775311303.0509658, "to_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997308472, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 9.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 339.209520049357, "from_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "to_location_timestamp": 1775298482.7888803, "from_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.6h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 2661264192, 2997308472, 2996805976 ], "node_names": [ "gw sof (ab40)", "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)" ], "snr_values": [ 10.25, 4.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 339.209520049357, "from_location_timestamp": 1775298482.7888803, "to_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.6h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997308472, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 4.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 4992.681261494528, "from_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "to_location_timestamp": 1775232984.4559083, "from_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 21.8h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3127311696, 2997308472, 2661264192, 2996805976 ], "node_names": [ "mobile sof (fd50)", "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "gw sof (ab40)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, 9.75, 10.25, 4.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 8034.581097661809, "from_location_timestamp": 1775311303.0509658, "to_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997308472, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 9.75, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 339.209520049357, "from_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "to_location_timestamp": 1775298482.7888803, "from_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.6h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 339.209520049357, "from_location_timestamp": 1775298482.7888803, "to_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.6h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 2997308472, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 4.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 4992.681261494528, "from_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "to_location_timestamp": 1775232984.4559083, "from_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 21.8h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "mobile sof (fd50) → BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) → gw sof (ab40)", "return_path_display": "gw sof (ab40) → BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "actual_rf_path_display": "mobile sof (fd50) → BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) → gw sof (ab40) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 8034.581097661809, "from_location_timestamp": 1775311303.0509658, "to_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997308472, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 9.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 339.209520049357, "from_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "to_location_timestamp": 1775298482.7888803, "from_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.6h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 339.209520049357, "from_location_timestamp": 1775298482.7888803, "to_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.6h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997308472, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 4.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 4992.681261494528, "from_location_timestamp": 1764124558.405805, "to_location_timestamp": 1775232984.4559083, "from_location_age_warning": "from 18.5w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 21.8h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 8373.790617711165, "total_return_distance": 5331.890781543885 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 2661264192, "to": 3127311696, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgQ4TKeyEgIAJxoIOEynslihn7IiAikS", "request_id": 3938708281, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 3129968837, "rx_time": 1775311312, "rx_snr": -0.75, "hop_limit": 1, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -114, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 88, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "gateway_id": "!050d31b0" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2661264192, "to": 3127311696, "channel": 37, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgQ4TKeyEgIAJxoIOEynslihn7IiAikS", "request_id": 3938708281, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 2997308472 ], "snr_towards": [ 0, 39 ], "route_back": [ 2997308472, 2996805976 ], "snr_back": [ 41, 18 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 3129968837, "rx_time": 1775311312, "rx_snr": -0.75, "hop_limit": 1, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -114, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 88, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }
Raw Packet Data (24 bytes)
0a04384ca7b2120200271a08384ca7b258a19fb222022912
Hex Analysis:
Size:24 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
LZ1MMH-R 🇧🇬 🏠 (MMH0) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-114.0 dBm -0.75 dB 1 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-04-04 14:01:53 UTC Current
0 hops (direct receptions) Gateways that heard the packet directly from the source
Orthanc (8080) -0.434s
Before 		-101.0 dBm -6.75 dB 0 38 Bulgaria 2026-04-04 14:01:53 UTC View
Vitoshko Rele (VRR) -0.403s
Before 		-64.0 dBm 4.50 dB 0 38 PUF0 , HD67 , 8d38 , KILO Bulgaria 2026-04-04 14:01:53 UTC View
Gerena (R+GW) (GERE) -0.367s
Before 		-80.0 dBm 0.75 dB 0 fa bafa Bulgaria 2026-04-04 14:01:53 UTC View
BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) -0.552s
Before 		-72.0 dBm 10.25 dB 0 40 ab40 Bulgaria 2026-04-04 14:01:53 UTC View
5

Total Receptions

5

Unique Gateways